Apparatus for washing clothes and centrifugally extracting liquid therefrom



Oct- 13, 1953 T. E, D. BILDE ET AL 2,555,023

APPARATUS FOR WASHING CLOTHES AND CENTRIFUGALLY EXTRACTING LIQUIDTHEREFROM Filed June 25, 1947 Patented Oei. 13, i953 APPABATUS FOBWASHING CLOTHES AND CENTBIFUGAILY EXTRACTING LIQUID THEBEFROM Tord ErikDaniel Bilde and Rolf Bertil Johannes Hultberg, Stockholm, Sweden,assigner: to Akticbolaget Elektrolux, Stockholm, Sweden,

a corporation of Sweden appiasuon June as, im, semi N. 'isasoo In SwedenFebruary 23, 1945 lClniml. (CL 68-2) Our invention relates to clotheswashing apparatus, and more particularly to such apparatus for washingclothes and other fabrics and the vlike and centrifugally extractingliquid therefrom.

An object of our inventionis to provide an improved washing andliquid-extracting apparatus of simplified construction which can bereadily assembled. i

Another objectof our invention is to provide an improved apparatus ofthis kind in which the different parts are readily accessible, thewashing and liquid extracting units being constructed in such mannerthat individual parts can be conveniently removed for cleaning andinspection while disturbing only a minimum number v015 other parts ofthe apparatus.

A further object of our invention is to provide an improved apparatus inwhich the/washing and liquid extracting portions are constructed asseparate units independently'mounted alongside each other on a commonbase in such manner that maximum protection from washing liquid isafforded for the driving motor and mechanism operatively associatingsuch motor and parts of the washing and liquid extracting units.

A still further object of our invention is to provide an improvedapparatus of this kind in which the driving motor is housed within theliquid extracting unit and related to other parts in such manner that itis nicely protected and may be readily removed for inspection andcleangFurther objects and advantages of our invention will becomeapparent as the following description proceeds, and the features ofnovelty which characterize our invention will be pointed out withparticularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of thisspecication.

In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a vertical view taken at line I-I of Fig. 2,partly in section and partly in elevation, illustrating a combinedwashing and liquid extracting apparatus embodying the invention; and

Fig. 2 is a top plan view looking down on the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

In the drawing, we have shown our invention embodied in a combinedwashing and liquid extracting apparatus comprising a base 9 upon whichare separately mounted a washing unit III and a liquid extracting unit II. A suitable source of heat, such as, for example, a gas burner I2, isassociated with the washing unit III. A driving motor I4 for-'theapparatus ls located within the lower part ofthe liquid extracting unitI I.

Suitable mechanism is provided whereby the motor Il may be employed todrive a rotatably mounted perforated drum or basket Il within the liquidextracting unit I I for centrifugally extracting washing liquid from theclothes, and also for oscillating a washing element or agitator I8within a washing receptacle I1 forming a part of the washing unit Ill.The mechanism operatively connecting the motor I4 to the drum l5 and tothe washing element Il, as well as the motor itself, is protected fromwashing liquid collecting in the liquid extracting unit II and liquidwhich may be splashed when the apparatus is in use.

The various parts of the apparatus briefly referred to, and which willbe described more fully hereinafter, are associated with one another insuch a way that each part is readily accessible and can be convenientlyremoved for cleaning and making repairs while disturbing only a minimumnumber of other parts of the apparatus.

The washing unit Ill comprises the washing receptacle II of cylindricalform having a bottom I8 and an upstandirig side wall including a shortbottom wall portion I9 of reduced diameter, and a higher extending mainwall portion 20 of wider diameter. The upper end of the upstanding sidewall is formed with an inwardly extending flange 2| shaped to receiveand hold a cover (not shown) to prevent spilling of washing liquid. Theagitator I6 is mounted in the receptacle II for oscillation thereinabout a horizontally extending axis and may be of a type like thatdescribed in application Serial No. 542,865 of T. E. D. Bilde, filedJune 30, 1944, now Patent No. 2,491,081, granted December 13, 1949. Itis to be understood, however, that the particular agitator or washingelement referred to is merely illustrative and that other types ofwashing elements may be employed.

The agitator I6 is suitably journalled at one end in a bearing 22 fixedto the inside of the receptacle I'I, and at its opposite end may beremovably connected in any well known manner to a driven member 23extending through an opening 24 in the receptacle. The member 23 isassociated with and forms a part of mechanism 25 mounted on the outsideof the receptacle I1 which may be of any conventional type operable tooscillate the agitator I6 back and forth Within the receptacle.

The main wall portion 20 of the upstanding side wall at its lower partflares outwardly from l' the short wall portion I9 which essentiallyforms a neck of reduced diameter at the bottom of the receptacle. Aperforated plate 26 is positioned in the receptacle I1 at the regionfrom which the main wall portion 20 flares outwardly from the reducedneck portion I9. The perforated plate 26 serves as the actual bottom forthe space in which the clothes to be washed are circulated and is formedwith a downwardly extending flange 21 which snugly fits within thereduced neck portion I9 of the receptacle. While the clothes are held inthe space above the plate 26, the washing liquid can circulate betweenthe spaces above and below such plate through the apertures 28 therein.

The washing receptacle I1 is mounted on a stand comprising a housing 29oi' cylindrical shape which may be formed of sheet metal. 'I'he upperend of the housing 28 receives the neck portion I9 of the receptacle.and these parts are tightly secured together by a. metal band or splitring 30 having ears or tabs 3|, only one of which is shown. adapted tobe drawn toward each other by a tightening screw l2. The neck portionI9, the upper end of the housing 28, and the ring Il are formed withsimilar-shaped annular ridges so that these parts can be broughttogether with the ridges in nested relation. as shown in Fig. l. Inaddition, the upper edge portion of the housing 29 may be slotted atspaced apartoegions so that it will be sufilciently resilient to enablethe ring 30 to draw the housing tightly about the reduced neck portion Iof the washing receptacle I1.

Within the housing 29 is provided a horizontal partition 33 havinga'central opening about the peripheral edge portion of which is fixedthe lower end'of a tube or sleeve I4. The gas burner I2 is supported onthe partition 33 by a number ot brackets I5, only one of which is shown,and so positioned that the burner llames project upwardly through thesleeve I4 to eti'ect heating of the bottom I8 of the washing receptacleI1. Gas is supplied to the burner I2 through a conduit which passesthrough an opening inthe housing 29 and is provided with a manuallyoperable valve l1 and a nipple connection ll to whichag secured in anannular member II whose outer pewipheral edge portion is ilxed to theinside of the shell 42, as by welding or brazing, for example. Suitablepacking 52 is preferably provided above the bearing Il to protect thelatter from moisture.

The annular member II is formed with a V-shaped trough 53 in whichliquid collects and from which the extracted liquid flows byv gravityinto a lsuitable collecting vessel (not shown) through an inclineddischarge spout 54 extending through an opening in the shell 42.

'I'he washing unit .I Il and liquid extracting unit II just describedare separately mounted on the base l which is suitably formed of sheetmetal and includes a top plate II and a vertical side wall 54 having aninwardly extending reinforcing ilange l1 at its lower end. Hence, thebase l is completely open at the bottom at the region of the ange Il.

The top plate 55 is provided with two circular openings at theperipheral edges oi which are removably secured the lower ends of thehousing 28 and shell 42, respectively. As shown, the lower ends of thehousing 2l and shell 42 iit over collars or rings Il and ls,respectively, and rest and outwardly extending lower flanges 02 and ber'29 through an opening 4l in the housing 2l to which an exhaust nue 4Imay be connected. The washing unit Il may also be arranged forelectrical heating, if desired, in which case one or more electricalheating elements may be provided in the space between the bottom Il oi'the receptacle and the apertured plate 26.

The liquid extracting unit II comprises an outer shell or casing 42 ofcylindrical form whose height is substantially the same as the overallheight of the housing 2| and the washing receptacle I1 of the washingunit III. Within the upper part of the casing 42 is disposed theperforated drum Il which is adapted to be rotated for extracting washingliquid centriiugally from the clothes. The upper open end of the basketII receives a freely rotatable disc 43 journalled at 44 in a cover 45which is hinged at 46 and adapted to be clamped in any suitable manner(not shown) in a closed position. When the cover 4I is locked in itsclosed position and the basket I i is being rotated, the disc 43 willalso rotate and serves to guide the basket I5 at its upper end andprevent wobbling movement thereof when the basket is being driven at arelatively high speed.

An imperforate plate 41 is provided at a region within the drum Il whichis spaced from the extreme lower imperiorate end thereof and de linesthe bottom o1' the space for holding the clothes from which washingliquid is extracted. To the extreme lower end portion oi' the drum Il isilxed a bottom end member 4l having a centrally disposed opening withinwhich is rigidly connected the upper tapered end of a shaft 4l.,Theshaitisarrangedinaballbearingll Il, the lower flanges being adaptedto bear .against the underside or face of the top plate Il.

The collars Il and Il and the lower ends of the housing 2l and shell 42,respectively, are formed wi a number of aligned openings through whl'ipass threaded bolts adapted to receive tightening nuts Il. Strips ofmetal Il, which are curved orvarched in section, are disposedl about thelower ends of the housing and shell to hide the heads of the bolts C4from view and provide a neat a ranceV at the base l.

The base l is p `vided with three or more legs `s1 which are nxestnerecoin any mutable manner for supporting the apparatus in a slightlyelevated position on a supporting surface Il. The legs I1 may bearranged to receive casters (not shown) to facilitate movement o! theapparatus, and ma Aalso be of a type which are adjustable to"ma e itpossible to raise and lower the washing unit I Il and liquid extractingunit II when this is desired.l

It will now be Vseezrthat the two units Il and I I are separate anddistinct and are independent oi' one another. Due to the manner in whichthe units I I and I I are removably secured to the base l, each unit maybe removed'i'rom the base independently oi' the other. Moreover, sincethe units III and II are in spaced relation, a gap is provided betweenthe umts which is completely open. This gap at the top of the units Iland II is bridged byasuita le table plate l! which desirably isrelatively t ck in section and may extend from the washing receptacle I1to the extreme outer or remote end oi' the' liquid extracting unit II,as shownrmost clearly in Fig. 2. The part of the table plate 68extending beyond the gap between the units Il and II and overlying theshell 42 is formed with an opening through which access is had into theshell ,I2 and drum Il therein. The/,cover 4i for the liquid extractingunit may .be hinged at 4C to the. table plate Il.

The -table plate Il is formed with a downwardly extending sleeve portionll which is received by the upper end of the casing 42. and also a leg1I of such shape that it bears snugly against the outer surface of thewashing receptacle I1. Tl., table plate 88 is removably secured inposition in any suitable manner, as by countersunk caps screws (notshown), for example; and is formed with a slightly raised rim 12 and aninclined ramp 18 so that washing liquid that collects on the table plateduring a washing operation, as during the transfer of clothes from the`washing receptacle to the drum I5, will flow by gravity into thewashing receptacle.

The-compartment 14 provided in the bottom partnf the casing. 42 isadvantageously employed VV'to house the electric motor I4 arranged toro- -tate the drum I and actuate the washing element I8. As previouslydescribed, the annular member 5I and bearing 88, together with itsassociated packing 52, are of such construction that extracted liquid isprevented from passing into the compartment 14 and all of the liquidcollecting at the top surface of annular member 5I flows through thedischarge spout 54.

The motor I4 having shaft 15 is removably mounted at 18 to the inwardlyextending fiangedz 8| of the collar or ring 58. Several mounts 18 may beprovided which are distributed about the flange 8| and preferablyresilient in character to dampen vibrations of the motor and minimizethe transfer of such vibrations to the casing 42 and base 9 of theapparatus.

The shaft 15 of the motor I4 is in alignment with the shaft 49 rigidlyfixed to the'lower end of the rotatable drum I5 and arranged to drivethe latter ,through a friction clutch comprising cooperating elements 11and 18. The lower element 11 is rigidly fixed to the upper end of themotor shaft 15, while the upper element 18 and a collar 19 fixed theretoare keyed on the shaft 49 and only axially movable thereon. The collar19 and upper element 18 may be shifted up and down on the shaft 49 inany suitable manner. For example, the collar 19 may be arranged toreceive the end of an operating member or lever 80 which may beoperatively connected to a manually operable control convenientlylocated on the apparatus.

While the clutch just referred to may be of any suitable type, we haveshown a friction clutch like that described `in application Serial No.761,300, or R. B. J. Hultberg, filed July 16, 1947. In such a frictionclutch the upper element 18 is in the form of a brush which, when it ismoved downwardly, is adapted to engage the top face of the lower element11. The frictional engagement of the ends of the brush bristles and thetop face of the lower element are effective to transmit turning movementto the shaft 48 and drum I5 rigidly fixed thereto. With a frictionclutch of this type, the motor I4 may be operated at its normal fullspeed and, due to the sliding frictional engagement of the brushbristles on the lower element 11 when the elements are brought together,the drum I5 will gradually increase in speed until it reaches the normalspeed of the driving motor.

As previously mentioned, the motorI4 is also arranged to actuate thewashing elementor agitator I6. The mechanism 28 mounted on the outsideofthe washing receptacle I1 is of a type which is operable to impart anoscillatory movement to the agitator I 8. The mechanism 25 isvcompletely enclosed within a shell designed to close the opening 24 inthe side wall of the recepwashing liquid splashing from the receptaclepast the driven member 28 into the shell of the mech- A shaft 8| extendsvertically downward from the mechanism 25 in the gap between the'washingunit I0 and liquid extracting unit II, and is journalled at its lowerend within a sleeve member 82. at the underside ofthe top plate 55 ofthe base 9. In order to protect the shaft 8I from washing liquid, thelatter is preferably housed in a hollow tube 88 connected at its upperend to the shell of the mechanism 25 and at its lower endto the topplate 55. The shaft 8I is adapted to be driven continually in onedirection, and the mechanism 28 operatively connected theretoconvertsrsuch continuous turning movement of the shaft 8I into anoscillatory movement of the driven member 28 for oscillating theagitator I8.

The motor I4 is operatively connected to the shaft 8| by mechanismincluding a grooved pulley 84 which is fixed to the lower end of themotor shaft 15,- and another grooved pulley 88 which is freely rotatableon the sleeve member 82. 'I'he pulley 85, which is driven by a belt 88from the pulley 84, is provided with an integrally formed clutch element81 which cooperates with another clutchelement 88 fixed to a collar 89.The clutch element 88 and collar 88 are keyed to the lower end of thevertical shaft 8I and only axially movable on the latter.

The collar 89 receives the end of a lever 98 which is pivoted at 9I andarranged to be moved up and down by an operating member 92. The member82 may be connected by suitable control mechanism (not shown) to aconveniently located manually operable control at the vicinity of thecontrol for connecting and disconnecting the drum I5 to and from themotor I4. When the lever 98 is moved upwardly by the operating member92, the clutch element 88 engages the element 81, whereby the motorshaft 15 positively drives the shaft 8I through the belt 88 and clutchelements.

The manually operable control members for engaging and disengaging thefriction clutch members 11 and 18 and clutch elements 88 and 89 may beoperated so that the drum I5 and washing element I8 may be independentlyor simultaneously actuated by the motor I4. Such control members may bemounted on a suitable panel located beneath the table plate $8, and themechanisms connecting such control members to the operating members and82 may also be enclosed in one or more tubular members (not shown) whichare like the hollow tube 83 and positioned adjacent thereto in the gapbetween the washing unit I0 and liquid extracting unit I I.

By housing the motor I4 in the lower compartment 14 within the casing42, the motor is eeetively shielded and protected from liquid and alsothe heat developed by the burner I2 when heating of the washing liquidin the receptacle I1 is desired. A suitable opening having a slidingcover (not shown) may be provided in the housing 28 of the Washing unitI8 to facilitate igniting the gas issuing from the nozzles of the burnerI2.

The relatively short distance between the base 8 and the supportingsurface upon which the apparatus rests, together with the provision ofthe flange 51 at the bottom of the base 8 which serves as an apron orskirt, prevents liquid from splashing and coming in contact with themotor I4 and the exposed motion transmitting mechanism beneath the topplate 55 of the base. However, for

tacle, and suitable provision i8 made t0 prevent 'l5 additionalprotection a plate 88 may be remov- 7 ably secured, as by clips (notshown), for example, at the bottom of base 8 beneath the motor I 4 andthe mechanism operatively connecting the motor and the vertical shaft8I. As clearly seen in Fig. l, the space beneath the top plate 55 ofbase 8 by itself is of insuillcient height, when the base is beingsupported on the supporting surface 68, to house the transmission partsbeneath the motor I 4 and the motor in its entirety in the verticalposition illustrated. In the preferred embodiment shown, thespacebeneath the top plate 55 of base 9 by itself actually is ofinsumcient height to house the motor I4 in its entirety in the verticalposition illustrated.

The central aperture in the collar or ring BI is of such size that,after the belt 88 is detached from the pulley 84 and the motor I4 isdisconnected from the ring at 18, it can be freely withdrawn from thecompartment 14 at the underside of the base 9. The friction clutchelement 11 is withdrawn with and accompanies the motor while the otherelement 18 remains in position on the shaft 48. When the table plate 88is removed after loosening its connections, the casing 42 can be readilyremoved from the top plate 55 without disturbing the washing unit I0.When control Aprovisions are provided immediately beneath the 68 topermit removal'of the casing 42 from the 30 accessible and may beinterchanged with a similar o part while disturbing only a minimumnumber of other parts of the apparatus.

In addition to providing a simple and economical construction, theIdifferent parts are so arranged in relation to one another that maximumprotection from splashed liquid is obtained. In the preferred embodimentthis relationship of parts involves providing the base 8 having a plateor member which is relatively near to a supporting surface upOn whichthe apparatus is adapted to rest, the base having a skirt or apron toprovide a space at its underside -which is effectively shielded fromliquid which may be splashed. The shell 42 of the liquid extracting unitII, whose upper end is substantially at the same level as the top of thewashing receptacle I1, is of such height that the washing and liquidunits III- and I I are at a convenient'working level.

The shell 42 extends below the bottom of the washing receptacle I1 whilethe driving motor I4 l5 of the latter. The mechanism for actuating thewashing element I6 is independent of the mechanism provided for drivingthe drum I5 and includes one portion of the space at the underside ofthe top plate 55 of base 8, which is readily accessible vfrom theunderside of the base 8, and another portion which extends upwardly inthe gap between the units I0 and II from the base l to a height abovethe bottom o'f the receptacle I1.

The opening in the base 8 at the region of the shell 42 affords accessinto the motor compartment 14, the connections 18 for mounting the motorbeing readily accessible at such opening. By simply detaching the belt88 from the motor pulley 84 and disconnecting the motor from itsmounting, the latter can be readily withdrawn from the compartment 14,as previously explained. v

Although we have shown a single embodiment of our improved apparatus forwashing clothes and centrifugally extracting liquid therefrom, we do notdesire our invention to be limited to the particular arrangement setforth, and we intend in the claims to cover all modifications which donot depart from the spirit and scope of our invention g What is claimedis:

1. In washing apparatus of the class described having a washing unitincluding a washing receptacle and a washing element mounted formovement therein and a liquid extracting unit an csmg and. a drummounted therein for rotation about a vertical axis to extract liquidcentrifugally from clothes, the combination of a base, means. formounting the washing unit and liquid extracting unit on said basealongside each other, said base having an opening affording access intothe lower end of the casing, asingle electric motor mounted in the lowerpart ofthe casing beneath the drum. said motor being vertically disposedand having a driving element rotatable about a vertical axissubstantially in alignment with the axis of rotation of the drum, meansfor supporting said base on a supporting surface, said supporting meansproviding a space beneath said base, means disposed entirely within thecasing for transmitting motion from the upper end of said drivingelement to the drum to rotate the latter. transmission mechanismdisposed entirely outside the casing for transmitting motion from thelower end of said driving element to the washing element, said mechanismincluding parts in the space beneath said base at the vicinity of theopening in the casing, the space beneath said base by itself being 0finsulcient height, when said base is being supported on the supportingsurface, to house said ion parts and said motor in its entirety in saidvertical position, and said base having provisions including a isdisposed beneath the drum I5 and below the 00 downwardly depending skirtat the periphery bottom of the washing receptacle. The motor I4 ismounted at 18 so that a major portion thereof is housed within thecompartment 14 with the shaft 15 extending vertically and in alignmentwith the drum I5.

The mechanism for transmitting motion from the upper end of shaft ls isdisposed entirely thereof to protect said motor and last-mentioned partsfrom any liquid splashed at the vicinity o1' said base.

2. In washing apparatus of the class described having a washing unitincluding a washing reand extending downwardly from the top platecasing. a single electric motor having a driving shaft, means accessibleat the opening for mounting said motor vertically with a major portionthereof positioned within the lower part of the casing beneath the drumand the lower end of the vertical driving shaft projecting downwardlybeyond the lower end of the casing, said driving shaft being rotatableabout a vertical axis substantially in alignment with the axis ofrotation of the drum. means for supporting said base on a supportingsurface. said supporting means providing a space beneath said base,means disposed entirely within the casing for transmitting motion fromthe upper end of said driving shaft to the drum to rotate the latter,transmission mech anism disposed entirely outside the casing fortransmitting motion from the lower end of said driving shaft to thewashing element, said mechanism including parts in the space beneathsaid base at the vicinity of the opening in the casing, the spacebeneath said base by itself being of insuicient height. when said baseis being supported on the supporting surface, to house said transmissionparts and said motor in its entirety in said vertical position,` andsaid base having provisions including a downwardly depending skirt atthe periphery thereof 4to protect said motor and last-mentioned partsfrom any liquid splashed at the vicinity of said base.

3. Apparatus as set forth in claim 2 in which the parts of saidtransmission mechanism in the o space beneath said base include a pulleyon said driving shaft and an endless belt cooperating therewith.

4. In washing apparatus of the class described havinga washing unitincluding a washing receptacle and a washing element mounted formovement therein and a liquid extracting unit including an uprightcasing and a drum mounted therein for rotation about a vertical axis toextract liquid centrifugally from clothes, the com` bination of a base,means for mounting the wash-- tect said motor and last-mentioned partsfrom any liquid splashed at the vicinity of said base, said firstmechanism being so constructed and arranged that, after said endlessbelt is removed from said pulley and said mounting means isdisconnected, said motor can then be freely withdrawn from the lowercompartment.

5. In apparatus having a liquid extracting unit including an uprightcasing and a rotatable drum for centrifugally extracting liquid fromclothes, such unit being mounted on a base, the combination of such abase having an opening affording access into the lower part of thecasing, the casing having a partition intermediate the ends thereof tosubdivide the latter into upper and lower compartments, means includingsaid partition y for journaling the drum for rotation in the uppercompartment about a vertical axis, said lastmentioned journaling meanssupporting the entire dead-Weight load of the drum and clothes thereinfrom which liquid is adapted to be centrifugally extracted, an electricmotor having a shaft, readily accessible mounting means on said casingadjacent sai-d opening for removably supporting said motor in the lowercompartment to position the shaft vertically therein for rotation abouta vertical axis substantially in alignment with the stub shaft of saiddrum, means for supporting said base on a supporting surface, saidsupporting means providing a space beneath said base, connecting meansoperable to connect said motor shaft and the drum, said connecting meansincluding a clutch having cooperating elements associated with the drumand motor shaft, respectively, the space beneath said base by itselfbeing of insufficient height, when said base is being supported on thesupporting surface, to

ing unit and liquid extracting unit on said base alongside each other,said base having an opening affording access into the vlower end of thecasing, a, partition intermediate the ends-of the casing to subdividethe latter into upper and lower compartments, means including thepartition for mounting the drum in the upper compartment for rotationabout a vertical axis, a single electric motor having a driving element,mounting means accessible at the opening for removably supporting saidmotor within the casing in the lower compartment thereof to positionsaid driving element for rotation about a vertical axis substantially inalignment with the axis of rotation of the drum, means for supportingsaid base on a supporting surface, said supporting means providing aspace beneath said base, first mechanism disposed entirely within thecasing for transmitting motion from said driving element to the drum torotate the latter, second mechanism disposed entirely outside the casingfor transmitting motion from said driving element to the washingelement, said second mechanism including parts in the space beneathvsaid base at the vicinity of the opening in the casing. such partsincluding a pulley on said driving element and an endless beltcooperating therewith, the space beneath said base by itself being ofinsumcient height, when said bas/vis being supported on, the supportingsurface to house said transmission parts and said motor in its entiretyin said vertical position, and said base having provisions including adownwardly depending skirt at the periphery thereof to prohouse saidmotor in its entirety in said vertical position, said elements beingfreely separable when said motor is Withdrawn from the lowercompartment, and said element associated with said motor accompanyingthe latter upon its removal from said casing.

TORD ERIK DANIEL BILDE.

ROLF BERTIL JOHANNES HULTBERG.

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